Automobiles In Society essays

Automobiles In Society essays This paper is an analysis of the impact of the increasing number of automobiles on the global environment, peoples lives and health, and the structure of Western society. In addition to exploring the impact of automobiles, technologies that have been developed to cope with the problems will be examined, as well as potential long-term solutions to the social and ecological problems caused by automobiles. While the ecological impact of automobiles on society may be perceived in more concrete terms, the measurement of its social impact is more abstract in its definition. Mark Delucchi suggests that the total social cost of automobile use is the welfare difference between the current motor vehicle system and a system which provides exactly the same services (that is, moves people and goods to and from the same places as do motor vehicles) but without time, manpower, materials, or energy - in short without cost (Delucchi 1997: 136) This interpretation of the social cost of automobiles eludes to several general categories of impact, such as personal non-monetary costs, bundled private sector costs, government costs, and various externalities. More specifically personal non-monetary costs of automobile use refer to any unpriced costs of traveling such as time spent during a commute or the risk of having an accident. (Delucchi 1997: 138) Bundled private sector costs are generally large costs which are not explicitly priced into the automobile such as free non-residential parking, the cost of home garages and of local roads provided by private developers. (Delucchi 1997: 138) Government costs refer to taxpayer funding which is being used to support the highway infrastructure; funding which would otherwise be used for another social purpose. Finally, the social cost of externalities refer to uncompensated pain and suffering from accidents, traffic delay, and any mental anguish, ra...

Looking At The Definition Of Public Private Partnership Social Work Essay Essays

Looking At The Definition Of Public Private Partnership Social Work Essay Essays Looking At The Definition Of Public Private Partnership Social Work Essay Essay Looking At The Definition Of Public Private Partnership Social Work Essay Essay Public Private Partnership is known worldwide as an of import beginning of spurring clannish assets in stock edifice and bettering public service bringing. As we move on with this concern, it gets of import to look into aims for PPP in visit to understand the hazards and responsibilities the authorities would hit to follow in visit to do PPPs growing. The pros and cons of PPPs have been much discussed among policy-makers for many old ages, with the pros by and large winning the argument as a turning figure of once-nationalized industries in many states have been privatized. Increased involvement in PPP may be due to a assortment of factors. The moving ridge of denationalization and deregulating attempts in other sectors of the economic system have led persons to look for extra countries where such reforms may be applied. A public argument about low quality in some publicly-provided services ( such as public instruction or public assistance services ) has led some to see in private provided services as a possible option. Finally, the strong current concern with cost control in public budgets has led policy-makers to look for possible budget nest eggs ; it has been scrutinized for ways to supply greater efficiency. Whole-of-life costing: Through whole of life bing the authorities can accomplish optimisation between capital costs and operating and care costs, a realistic projection of sum spending of ownership, and a artifact of comparing viing designs on a like-with-like footing Invention: Supplying wider inducements for original solutions to help bringing Asset use: Developing chances to bring forth income from use of the plus by 3rd parties, which may cut down the spending that the civil order would otherwise hold to pay as a exclusive user with the results that that PPPs can present. DECEPTIVE RESONS FOR PURSUING PPP The chief delusory ground why some authoritiess prosecute PPPs is to entree finance that would otherwise non be available. Accessing finance would non be accomplishable ultimate by presenting a PPP. If an substructure beginning is non assured that, between user fees and authorities subsidies, it module be able to retrieve its costs, the authorities would unable to raise the top needed fund to construct the undertaking. The authorities faculty will non able to pull clannish finance merely by make up ones minding to make PPP, cost recovery would necessitate to be resolute before capital can be raised. PPP AND PAKISTAN Most people who have live in the Pakistan think of province proviso when they think of public services. Consequently, when they think of public services being removed from province proviso they think of denationalization likely with the engagement of multi-national capital. However, for those who lived in from the period of the Industrial Revolution until the Second World war, and for million of people across the universe who have lived since the war and up to the present twenty-four hours, the proviso of services is non entirely a affair for the province ; it is a affair for the populace. For people non populating within our narrow cultural restraints, bringing of services is provided through co-operatives and mutuals. The democratic nature of co-operative constructions gives people direct power over service bringing. The province, whether cardinal or local, acts as a surety of peoples rights to services. The province must ever be prepared to move as an enabler but should merely be a supplier in the last resort. Given our cognition of this better manner, we must go on to prosecute, non from any sense of ideological high quality, but because we know that this better manner is more economically efficient and will supply better service bringing which meets people demands better than current proviso. It is deserving admiting that there is some co-operative proviso in Pakistan, for illustration there are a figure of lodging cooperatives. It is every bit deserving admiting that there is a wider tierce sector which contains assorted societal endeavors, charities and lodging associations. Some of these are in a grant funded agreement with the province while others take a more trading attack to procurance. Co-operative solutions, peculiarly when they are worker-led, necessitate the support of trade brotherhoods. It is of import to acquire the message across that co-operation is non denationalization. Since trade brotherhoods are at that place to protect their members, possibly co-operation should be promoted as a construction which can assist protect their members. There is a demand to do co-operative working the preferable option for workers in the service sector. Local Government Local authorities has played a prima function in Pakistan s communities for many old ages and continues to hold a cardinal function to play. Support for co-operative values is non new to local authorities. Regional councils in peculiar funded and supported co-operative development. Pakistan s local governments have an of import function to play in back uping co-operative concerns working in partnership with co-operative and common endeavors. Local Governments need to be spouses in developing common solutions with communities. Pakistan s local governments should work in partnership with co-operative endeavors to better societal services, develop anti-poverty schemes and to supply environmental justness for communities. Procurement constabularies designed to accomplish societal purposes and maximise the benefits for local communities will ever help successful co-operative endeavors. We should dispute the fear civilization and encourage best pattern. Procurement statute law demands to be looked at and all local services should be considered for cooperative options. Traveling to a co-operative theoretical account of service bringing would necessitate a complete reappraisal of departmental constructions within the local governments bing political model. We need to set in topographic point now the support mechanism to underpin co-operative service development. There is widespread recognition that the manner local governments deliver public services is altering. Privatization is go oning but co-operative solutions can set people in ownership and control and enhance democracy. We should be pro-active in looking for services which are due to be externalized and have a co-operative theoretical account ready to advance. Public services should be delivered harmonizing to demand and any net income should be paid back into the community. We need to develop across local authorities, through instruction, a cognition base of councilors and policy shapers across all parties together with officers with expertness ready to defend the co-op theoretical account. Planing Planning is an issue that cuts across policy countries. We should see this as an chance to develop a co-operative attack to some of the greatest challenges in 21st century Pakistan. Planning, above all else, is about co-ordination of proviso and co-operative theoretical accounts, peculiarly secondary co-operative theoretical accounts, provide an ideal solution in this context. There are clear chances to develop co-op theoretical accounts to run into the demands of society to organize its attack to service bringing. For illustration, an industrial and provident society theoretical account could be used to make separate legal entities which would be responsible for associating up the shared duties of the Health Service and local authorities and be democratically accountable to the communities they serve. This means widening co-operation beyond co-operation with a little degree Celsius to making constructions which are to the full accountable. It is of import that co-operators take an active engagement in local planning and utilize it to prosecute with community groups. As a Movement which is to a great extent involved in retail and belongings, we are good placed to supply socially responsible solutions to the job of town Centre development in Pakistan. The co-operative theoretical account would supply an ideal construction for town Centre partnerships. Not merely co-operation with a little degree Celsius between those involved in back uping town Centre development but existent concern theoretical accounts which could be used to develop town centres in a manner that communities would desire. We should seek to set up a consensus that co-operation is the default place. When be aftering new developments it is of import to include drama countries, community stores and centres where appropriate. Co-ops should seek to take advantage of community benefit clauses. The community benefit facet should be seen as a manner to develop new co-op concerns. Health As co-operators, we view healthcare much in the same manner we see every issue that confronts people, their households and communities we believe that power should lie with the people. Communities have to take duty for wellness proviso and we believe co-operative and common theoretical accounts of healthcare supply them with the best chance to make this. The extremely affectional runs which have arisen from proposals to re-design the bringing of ague and specializer services underlines the importance placed on the NHS by communities and the sensitiveness with which politicians need to cover with the issue of wellness. The co-operative theoretical account could be applied to infirmaries. With the aging population, societal attention was highlighted is the type of service where the lovingness, sharing Co-op theoretical account should be an obvious option. We believe that co-operative theoretical accounts would bring forth greater integrating and would propose that the grounds of co-operative healthcare proviso overseas supports this contention. A cardinal challenge for the proviso of wellness services is to link them with people the users, employees, patients and the wider community. It is indispensable to breed a type of ownership that enables stakeholders to experience that these services are run on their behalf and non for person else s vested involvements. We must turn to the issue of elections to Health Boards which would make an component of community engagement and answerability in wellness bringing. Consideration should be given to the progressively ambitious topic of attention proviso in Pakistan. This is an country which requires partnership between the NHS and local authorities. It is besides an country which may hold important possible for co-operative development and is an country being prioritized by Co-operative Development Pakistan. We require action on pharmaceutics bringing and occupational wellness looking at co-operative instead than private solutions. Education Public services are more concerned about the bringing of instruction as a service instead than curricular issues. However, it is deserving stating that the issues of educational constructions and course of study are connected. The Co-operative Movement has an first-class record in instruction. When, in the past, co-operatives have delivered instruction, bringing and content have supported each other. We hope that development sing co-operative schools will take to a return to this nexus. The work being done at nowadays in Pakistan is to be extremely commended and we hope this will accomplish its aim of conveying co-operative thoughts to every school in Pakistan. However, there is a long manner to travel. Co-operation offers solutions to many of the challenges of public service proviso but co-operative solutions have been ignored because civil retainers and politicians have no background cognition in co-operation. Schooling system, about without exclusion, wholly ignores co-ops concern theoretical accounts. Most instructors are still incognizant of cooperatives and therefore the ignorance perpetuates itself. We recognize that instruction sits rather steadfastly within local authorities and that most people in Pakistan would wish it to stay so. However, we would reason that in the longer term it is non merely the course of study which should go co-operative but besides the constructions. We need to go on to discourse how we can farther develop co-operative instruction in schools and to develop the ownership of the course of study so that it is owned and managed by the communities it serves. We should collate and construct on best pattern already in schools, such as the the work of brotherhoods, conveying new nest eggs theoretical accounts into schools. It is indispensable to advance the co-operative theoretical account at school degree and every bit of import to prosecute with the curricular drivers in Pakistan such as Learning and Teaching Pakistan. PPP attacks should non be seen as a charming slug and may be best suited to specific fortunes. As in all instances of public procurance, corruptness remains a hazard that must be carefully managed. As PPP undertakings are comparatively new, deficiency of acquaintance with the processs may open up new corruptness hazards. On the other manus, greater accent on the bringing and measuring of results in PPP procurance may present greater degrees of transparence and answerability. The chief advantages and disadvantages of PPP are summarized below: Decision Palatopharyngoplasties have a batch to offer to the national economic system as it constitutes a public A ; private sector coaction. This allows for a balance between the public and private sector leting all parties to hold an equal part of the Public-Private Partnership pie. With public private partnerships, the Government seeks to tackle the invention and subjects of the private sector, by presenting private sector investors who put their ain capital at hazard. This is achieved either by presenting private sector ownership into a state-owned plus or concern, or by contractual agreements in which the private sector bears the fiscal hazard involved in presenting a peculiar service or other signifier of specified end product. If the concern or service supplier operates in a competitory market, market subjects will supply an inducement to maximise quality of service. If such subjects do non be, and can non easy be introduced, quality criterions can be enforced through ordinance or by public presentation demands in the contract with the populace sector. By tackling private sector subjects in this manner, PPPs can assist to better value for money, so enabling the Government to supply more public services and to a higher criterion within the resources available.

New Technologies and business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

New Technologies and business - Essay Example The age of globalization has led to economic reforms and the developing economies have opened the doors to foreign investments. Thus the markets in the merging economies have accepted foreign investments that have led to the transfer of new technologies as a result of the foreign direct investment by the developed economies. Due to the increase in investments by the foreign investors, the business identity of the local market has also been a point of consideration to the policymakers. The economic policies of the local governments have allowed subsidies and incentives in the form of reduced taxes and other allowances in order to encourage foreign investments to take place in the domestic markets. This has exposed the domestic markets to foreign competition in terms of technological advancements, quality and pricing. The multinational companies have set up their establishments in the emerging markets. Thus the legal construction of the boundaries of the sovereign states was crossed an d this led to the transfer of new technologies required to tap the opportunities of the emerging markets in the age of globalization. The new technologies brought about by the multinational companies in several states across the world have created a business identity for themselves in the worldwide markets. The multinational companies like the International Business Machine, Apple Inc, Microsoft, General Motors, Unilever Corporation, Morrison, etc. are from different industries that have brought new technologies in the worldwide markets. The research and development wings of these companies have developed the new technologies in accordance to the customized demand of the markets and this has helped them to develop a business identity for themselves. By introducing the new technologies that have fulfilled the market demands and satisfied the customers have helped them to enter the new markets and capture the market shares. The multi-national business houses that have brought about ne w technologies in the world wide markets have been able to increase their market capitalization. The new technologies have the businesses to manufacture and sell products to the customers which are of unexpectedly high quality and at the same time cost effective. The air of globalization and the transfer of new technologies across the legal boundaries of sovereign states have led to the development of a brand image and goodwill in the market. This is the mark of the business identity that has been achieved due to the process of globalization and increased consumerism. The advent and transfer of new technologies across the legal and geographical boundaries of states had an impact on the sovereignty of the states and its people. Due to the application of the new technologies in the host countries and the change in the quality, style and pricing of products and services, the taste and lifestyle of the people also changed. The states witnessed an increase in consumerism and the employme nt level in the states improved. The increase in the number of job opportunities in the economy of sovereign states led to the rise in income level. With more money in the hands of the population, the

How a Sports Coach Could Motivate the Athletes Term Paper

How a Sports Coach Could Motivate the Athletes - Term Paper Example Mere physical strength and athletic skill are not enough; the will to win and perform is crucial, and it needs to be inculcated within the performers. Many scientific theories purport the same and will be discussed hereunder. However, some, like the trait theory may present facts which go in the other direction. It focuses on the intrinsic traits of people which are inherently different. Nonetheless, as the development of the other theories will go on to show, a potent show of motivation by the coach can increase performance beyond expectations. Motivation intrinsically charges and individual, and becomes the intangible source of energy that directs a person towards his/her goal. This is the human fuel which basically separates the achiever from the adversary. All this goes beyond verbal whims. There is more than enough scientific evidence that supports the above-mentioned proposition. With recent examples of researches from sports journals, four such theories of motivation will be cited hereunder, namely achievement motivation theory, attribution theory, cognitive evaluation theory, and goal-setting theory. What're more, specific motivational theories fit right into the existing practices within sports, thereby clearly identifying the link between motivation and sport from the context of a coach. Three important needs surface in this context. The need for achievement comes first, wherein there is an urge to accomplish something difficult. Then is the need for affiliation, in which a person wishes to form close personal relationships. Finally, there is a need for power, in which one seeks to have control over others. Understand of the patterns of these needs is very important, as more often than not, a sportsman is making all the effort in order to accomplish one or more of these needs.  

Explain the difference between quantitative easing(QE) and credit Essay

Explain the difference between quantitative easing(QE) and credit easing(CE) and discuss the theoretical channels through which they may affect financial markets - Essay Example One of the policies that were adapted in the wake of the financial crisis was the quantitative easing (QE) and the credit easing (CE). According to Ishi et al. (2009), in simple definition terms, Quantitative easing (QE) entails the direct and unsterilized purchases securities owned by the government which is usually done by the central bank. The main aim is under normal circumstances to lessen the benchmark yield curve and enhance economic activity. Most of the times, it is used when the monetary transmission is impeded seriously and the policy interest rate are falling towards near zero. It can be used to ensure that the inflation does not go below the specified target. On the other hand, Credit easing (CE) is the direct or indirect provision of credit by the central bank to specified borrowers possibly called for by the breakdown of credit marketers enhancing credit can be mainly seen as the intention of meeting macroeconomics objectives. The key aim is to reduce credit spreads in specific sectors that are usually of high macro finance importance. These purchases raise the monetary base in a way that is related to a purchase of government securities. Many Central banks have adopted the QE and CE policies. A look at such a bank is the federal bank of the United States. It has employed both the QE and CE policies which are discussed below respectively. The financial crisis and its repercussions that have been experienced recently have proven to be a great task for the Federal Reserve. Towards the end of 2008, in reaction to the economic and financial conditions that were hastily weakening, the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) pushed the federal funds rate target near to zero. As the conditions deteriorated, the Fed turned to policies that were nontraditional to strengthen financial market conditions. Such policies comprised the purchases of large-scale asset which were in the range of hundreds of billions of dollars for

The Roles Of An Early Tears Practitioner Young People Essay

The Roles Of An Early Tears Practitioner Young People Essay Caring for children looks at the range of settings and providers that care for children across the private, voluntary and independent sectors. The following report outlines the care needs for children. Collate evidence which describes the role of the practitioner in caring for children The role and responsibilities of an early years practitioner follow a number of codes of practice and state how you conduct yourself. When working with children a number of codes of practices exist. Such as Special needs, Safeguarding children, Childrens learning, Behaviour, Working with parents, Data protection etc. The early years practitioner has clear responsibilities, like Work to the principals of the sector and codes of confidentiality Meet learning needs of a child Provide an environment that is warm, welcoming and stimulating Work with parents and partners Work as part of a team that provides a quality service for both children and parents The early years practitioner has to: Put needs of children first because this will help keeping children out of harm, keep them safe and encourage them to meet the standards for there abilities. Respect others choices -If you do not this could cause friction between staff members and can reflect on the setting and onto the children. Respect confidentially It is important to respect confidentiality as it can help a child stay out of trouble, keep them safe and help them. Plan, record and review This is important as it can help you improve. It can help you notice your strengths and weaknesses. This also helps when doing activities where you can see what event went well and what did not, how you could do things differently and may allow you to handle a situation differently It is important to demonstrate responsibility as it helps the children learn right and wrong and it is partly your responsibility to teach them this and they may treat you as a role model. Also partnerships with parents. This is also important as then you can learn about a child, their likes and dislikes, etc. It will also help build relationships with parents so they know they can trust you. Continuing Professional Development is important as it shows you want to be the best that you can be. It also shows you are very interested in making the children be the best they can be and that you are dedicated in doing that. Observing children helps you recognise stages of the Childs development. This can help recognise where a childs needs are, where they need extra help, etc Lastly working as a team as this helps create a positive environment for everyone to work in and also help people feel included and this will help with self-confidence. E2 Collate information about how care for children may be provided within families and society E3 Include evidence which compares the differing roles of statutory, private, voluntary and independent settings. Many parents adapt to changes in their lives and usually have the support of family and friends to provide assistance. Many families however can face issues that affect the family life and often need support to help them. Such factors like: Financial Difficulties Low income families Cannot afford food or clothes Poverty, poor health and depression Poor housing, etc Unemployment Loss of jobs, no income Depression Changing jobs / Mother working Loss of child care Separation of child from mother Divorce and separation Lower income Smaller housing / cramped conditions Caring for other family members / long term illnesses Elderly relatives Hospital Bereavement Emotional strain Dealing with grief Social isolation No communication No transport Living in a new area no friends, etc. Children and families need support at certain times and there are many organisations and self help groups that can provide this support. Such as National Childbirth Trust, National Association of Toy and Leisure Libraries, Child Poverty Action group, Home Start, Parentline plus, Gingerbread, contact a family, etc. There are many different settings where children can be cared for such as Respite Care, Holiday play schemes, Parent and toddler groups, Schools, Workplace nurseries, Childminders, Pre-schools, After school clubs, Residential care, Day nurseries and Crà ¨ches Usually the main support group is within the family network such as grandparents and Aunties and Uncles. There are four different types of Sectors that provide care and education for children. They are; Statutory Sector Voluntary Sector Private Sector. Independent A Statutory Sector is a Sector that has to be there by law, so dentist, local schools and hospitals are part of this. Local schools have to be there by law and get some funding by the government. The age range that schools cover is from five years to eleven years olds; they follow a set routine where reception covers the EYFS and then year one to year six covers the national curriculum. Schools are open from nine oclock in the morning to half three in the afternoon, from Monday to Fridays, term times only. This means that schools are closed at Christmas, Easter, summer and half terms. Schools are in easy access areas, where there is enough space for an outside play area for example the playground and indoor space, for example somewhere to do P.E. A local school can be adapted, for example ramps for people with disabilities and for people to find it easy to access the school. A local school should also include snacks; they should be healthy snacks like fruit and vegetables. They shoul d also include toileting times for the children. Statutory Schools are usually free except payment for school dinners, school trips and some snacks. The aim of a Statutory Sector School is to provide opportunities of education for every child and to support their learning also making a safe and secure environment for children to keep them from harm. Another aim is to provide social opportunities for the child this will include learning to make friends, learning to socialise with people, learning the difference between adults and children and learning to respect others. It may also provide opportunities for the family by meeting new parents so they are making new friends and it may also prove as support for families as they might find people to rely on and also some services though school to help support them. A Voluntary Sector is a sector, which people volunteer to organise and run, so mother and toddler, brownies and Pre school groups are apart of this. Mother and toddler groups are usually for children age two to four years. The mother and toddler groups are usually opened from nine to eleven thirty in the mornings or half one till three in the afternoon. These kinds of organisations are usually placed in a church or community hall, which arent necessarily built for the use of children. The staffs are usually parents themselves but the person in charge of the organisation must have a level three childcare qualification. The organisation may ask for a small donation each week, approximately  £3:50 a week to cover the basic cost of the booking of the hall and also for lighting and water bills. The area in which the organisation is situated may not have an outdoor area for the children to play out in, the organisation should also follow the EYFS curriculum where children will learn through play and the space may also be Ofsted inspected. The main aim of a mother and toddler group is to provides short term care of young children to give a parent or carer a little time to themselves and also to give young children stimulation and also play and social opportunities. Another main aim is to get children ready for school or nursery. Another way is to create social opportunities for the parent or carer of meeting new people while helping out with the organisation or just dropping off their child at the group. A Private Sector is a sector, where people pay extra to try and get the best of their childs education or health and also their own. When you use a private day nursery you are charged for using them, you are approximately charged  £150 a week to use the services. These nurseries are open from 8 am 6 pm all year except bank holidays, the age range for these nurseries are usually from six weeks old up until five years. They also provide all meals, breakfast, dinner and tea and also snacks; they also have sleep facilities, indoor and outdoor play areas for children to play in. The building may not be purposely be built for the children but will be adapted for the children to provide their size facilities. All the members of staff will fully qualified, managers and rooms leaders must be at least level three or level two trained. Ofsted will also inspect the building and the staff to check if its safe and also to check if they are following EYSF curriculum. The aim of a private day nursery is to provide safe and secure environment for children to keep them from harm for children in absence of parents or carer and also to provide opportunities of education for every child and to support their learning. Another aim of the private day nursery is to provide stimulating environment with bonding with other children and also to provide learning through play and also opportunities. Another aim may be to allow employment opportunities for parents or carers and knowing a child is in a secure place and is cared for. An independent sector are companies with more freedom to organise their provision. Their services may not rely on government funding and does not have to follow the EYFS or the National Curriculum. However the service may be OFSTED inspected to make sure childrens welfare needs are being met. Services of independent provision include independent schools and nurseries. E4 Include a summary of the main regulations that govern the care of children in different types of settings. The following is legislation that relates to working with children in a childrens centre:- Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 Race Relations Act (1976) Human Rights Act (1998) Data Protection Act (1998) Disability and Discrimination Act (2004) The legislation can influence working practices in the childrens centre by:- At all times complying with the Data Protection Act 1998. No discrimination by it against any person with respect to opportunity for employment, conditions of employment or delivery of the Services because of sex, marital status, race or disability. The Childrens centre shall in all matters arising comply with the provisions of the Disability Discrimination Act 1995, the Human Rights Act 1998, and the Sex Discrimination Act 1975, etc. The centre must comply with the provisions of the Race Relations Act 1976 and the Race Relations (Amendment) Act 2000 and make sure that they perform their responsibilities, to eliminate unlawful racial discrimination, and to promote equality of opportunity and good relationships between different racial groups. The centre should be responsible for and take all such precautions as are necessary to protect the health and safety of all persons employed by it and should comply with the requirements of the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 and any other Acts or Regulations relating to the health and safety of employed persons. Human Rights Act 1998. It gives further effect in the UK to rights contained in the European Convention of Human Rights. The Care Standards Act 2000 and the Regulations and National Minimum Standards set out the responsibilities of agencies and carers in promoting the health of children who are looked after. The Education Act 2002 Local authorities and schools where requires to protect and safeguard and promote the welfare of children. This included health and safety, child protection and the overall well being of children. The Every Child Matters and Children Act 2004 The Children Act 2004 introduced a new duty (section 10) to co-operate at a strategic level on local authorities, Primary Care Trusts and other relevant childrens services partners. The act is to protect children and promote welfare and well being of children.Being healthy: enjoying good physical and mental health and living a healthy life style. Staying Safe being protected from harm and neglect. Enjoying and Achieving getting the most out of learning and life, and developing skills for adulthood. Making a positive contribution being involved in community and society and not engaging in anti-social or offending behaviour. Economic well being not being prevented by economic disadvantage from achieving their potential Other legislation that helps the health and well being of children is shown below. Meggitt. C. (pg 249-251) The Children Act 1989 provides care and protection of all children and young people in need, including those living away from home. Local authorities have a specific duty under section 22 of the Act to safeguard and promote the wellbeing of each child they look after. The Children and Young Persons Act 2008 amends the Children Act 1989; support the care system and putting in place the structures to enable children and young people to receive high quality care and support. The Mental Health Act 2007 amended the Mental Health Act 1983. It requires hospital managers to ensure that patients aged fewer than 18 admitted to hospital for mental disorder are accommodated in an environment that is suitable for their age (subject to their needs). This is due to be fully implemented in 2010. The Mental Capacity Act 2005 generally only affects people aged 16 or over and provides a framework to empower and protect people who may lack capacity to make some decisions for themselves, for example, people with dementia, learning disabilities, mental health problems, stroke or head injuries who may lack capacity to make certain decisions. E5 include 2 activities which will each support and maintain a different aspect of the daily care of children There are many different routines for children that can help them maintain a different aspect of daily care for children such as Hygiene Toilet time, washing hands, bed time and teeth cleaning, Mealtimes Sitting at the table and Sleep Routines: Daily routines vary depending where the child is being cared for. But promoting and supporting a childs independence and self care is also important and a childs self image and self esteem are vital to their overall wellbeing. However I have chosen the following as my chosen activities Shoe laces and Dressing weather appropriate. Activity One Shoe laces What is the activity? Teaching children to tie their laces by making a personalized shoe. (the children decorate it themselves) with laces for them to practice. What do you have to do? Adults role help the children learn to tie their laces Childs role learn to tie their laces and keep practicing How does this promote independence? It helps them learn to tie their laces so adults dont have to do them How does it promote daily living? It helps children tie their laces so they can do it daily and at their convinence What areas of learning does it promote? Intellectual, Physical and Emotional Is it fun? Yes especially the decorating Is it important? Yes Why? Because it is a basic skill for every day living What age? 4- 5 years of age Can you break it down to make it easier? N0 not really Can the activity be extended? No Activity two Dressing weather appropriately What is the activity? Dressing up a doll in appropriate clothes to go outside and play in, which will keep them warm and dry depending on the weather What do you have to do? Adults role help the children learn how to dress appropriately Childs role to be able to dress the doll properly and wear weather appropriate clothes themselves. How does this promote independence? It helps them dress properly thrmselves without being told what to wear and they choose what they want. How does it promote daily living? It helps children dress appropriately and to keep warm so that they dont become ill and that we do it everyday What areas of learning does it promote? Intellectual, Physical, Emotional and Health Is it fun? Can be Is it important? It can be Why? It stops the child from becoming ill and keeps them comfortable with what they wear and do What age? 4- 5 years of age (pre-school) Can you break it down to make it easier? N0 not really Can the activity be extended? Yes broken down into holiday (warm weather clothing), wet weather clothing, winter (cold weather clothing) E6 include an explanation of the key issues which enable multi-professional teams to work together. Multi professional approach allows professionals share knowledge about a family needs so that the parents dont have to ask the same questions over and over again. The professionals are aware of each others roles in supporting the family so that conflicting advice can be minimise. It is essential that each agency communicates well and understands not only there role and responsibilities but the others agencies as well. Parents/guardians are the most important people in a childs life, and recognise the importance of this. We have a responsible role that involves sharing care of the child with parents/guardians; listen to parents/guardians, as they are the expert on their child. Respect will be shown for family traditions and childcare practice, and will work in harmony with the values and wishes of the parents. Partnerships with other agencies benefit children, for example Speech and language therapists for children with hearing and language difficulties -This could include sign language or English as a second language. Bereavement management play therapist, Educational psychologist to assess behavioral needs and bring about positive behavior in a child. Sensory impairment such as Limited vision, Hearing disorder or Speech problems. Also Dietary, Religious or Learning needs This is to ensure that all the needs of the individuals / children are met and they develop to their full potential. These partnerships do have an important role to play in ensuring that childrens experiences and learning are maximized. Tassoni pg 237 A multi professional approach when working with children and parents is important as it helps children not to slip through the net. Communication is the biggest part of the multi professional team, as everyone needs to know what is going on. The multi professional approach team is made up of a lot of different agencies, they are agencies including Schools and teachers, Hospitals and doctors, Social workers, Police and many more. They all work together to help parents and children to stop tragic cases such as death, child abuse, etc. E8 Show an understanding of diversity and inclusive practices Recognising diversity is about recognising that children can come from lots of different backgrounds and family structures and this could be from the language they speak, culture and beliefs. Diversity means responding in a positive manner to differences, valuing all people. All children are citizens and have rights and entitlements. Children should be treated fairly regardless of race, religion or abilities. This applies no matter: what they think or say what type of family they come from what language(s) they speak what their parents do whether they are girls or boys whether they have a disability or whether they are rich or poor. All children have an equal right to be listened to and valued in the setting. Improving the physical environment physical aids to access education such as ICT equipment and portable aids for children with motor co-ordination and poor hand/eye skills. New buildings should be physically accessible to disabled pupils and will involve improving access to existing buildings including ramps, wider doors, low sinks, etc Improving the delivery of information to disabled children at nurserys or schools The information should take account of pupils disabilities and parents preferred formats and be made available Children should be treated fairly regardless of race, religion or abilities. This applies no matter what they think or say, what type of family they come from, what language(s) they speak, what their parents do, whether they are girls or boys or whether they have a disability or whether they are rich or poor. All children have an equal right to be listened to and valued in the setting and all children have a need to develop, which is helped by exploring and discovering the people and things around them. Some childrens development may be at risk, for example children who are disabled and those with special educational needs , those from socially excluded families, such as the homeless or those who live with a parent who is disabled or has a mental illness, children from traveller communities, refugees or asylum seekers and those from diverse linguistic backgrounds. All children are entitled to enjoy a full life in conditions which will help them take part in society and develop as an individual, with their own cultural and spiritual beliefs. Practitioners ensure that their own knowledge about different cultural groups is up-to-date and consider their own attitudes to people who are different from themselves. Children in the UK are being raised in a society with many sources of cultural diversity. Good early years practice needs to support this from the earliest months of babyhood. Practitioners need to work to create a positive learning environment. Play materials, books and other resources can be offered in a helpful way by reflecting on how young children learn about culture and cultural identity.   Diversity and inclusion is also linked to legislation such the Childrens Act 1989, SEN act 2001, Rights of Children 1989 and the Race Relations Act 1976. Also included is the Disability Act 2004. Children like experiencing food, music or dance forms that reflect their own family and neighbourhood experiences. Early childhood is a good time to offer opportunities that enable children to stretch beyond the familiar. Children can learn to appreciate cultural diversity in styles of art, craft, music and dance. All opportunities need to be well grounded in positive pride for the styles common in every childs own background.   E9 References Child Care and Education Tassoni. P. (2007). Heinemann (Harcourt Education Limited). Oxford , England Child Development Meggitt. C. (2006). Heinemann (Pearson Education Limited). Harlow, England Department of education and Skills (DFES) 2007 Early Childhood Studies, Willan, Parker-Rees, Savage: (2004) :Learning Matters ltd

LAOS NATION REPORT Essay -- essays research papers fc

Introduction My country is Laos. It is a small, poor country in Southeast Asia. The population is about five million. It is 91,400 square miles and the officail language is Lao but french and english is only spoken for buisness purposes mainly. The currency is Kip. Human beings began living in the present territory of Laos more than 10,000 years ago. Stone tools and skulls were discovered in the Huaphan and Luang Prabang provinces. They did carbon dating on these artifacts and test say there around 10,000 years old. The giant jars in Xieng Khouang province and stone columns in Huaphan province date from the neolithic period. Humans in Laos used iron for their tools as early as the last century B.C. Community grouping of people slowly formed into townships between the fourth and eight century A.D. on both sides of the Mekong River and along its tributaries. In 1349-1357, a movement emerged under the command of King Fa Ngoum, a national hero, to group the townships into a unified Lan Xang Kingdom, the capital of which stood at Xiengdong Xiengthong, now known as Luang Prabang. From then on, the Kingdom of Lan xang entered into an era of national defence and construction under King Fa Ngoum who first introduced Hinayana Buddhism from the Khmer Kingdom into Laos, which is still the religion professed by the majority of Lao people. From 1479 to 1570, the Lao people were forced to defend the country against foreign aggressors.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Under the rule of King Setthathirath, the capital was moved from Xiengdong Xiengthong to Vientiane in 1560. A moat was built to protect the new capital whose name means the rampart if sandalwood. King Setthathirath built a shrine to house the Phra Kaeo, the Emerald Buddha. He also erected the Luang Stupa, a venerated religious shrine which is now the symbol of the Lao nation. In the seventeenth century, under the reign of King Souliyavongsa, the Kingdom entered its most brilliant era. It was respected by neighbouring countries and was reputed in many countries of the world. in 1694, a Dutch merchand of the East Indian Company, Geritt Van Wuysthoff, and later, two Italian misssionaries, Leria and Marini, visited the Kingdom of Lan Xang. They wrote awed reports on the rich and beautiful palaces and temples, and the splendid religious ceremonies, saying Vientiane was the most magnificient city in South Eas... ...es Laos's entire north-south length, and its tributaries. These plains are very narrow in the north but are wider farther south. Finally, three high plateaus are situated throughout the country: the Plain of Jars in the north, the Khammouan Plateau in the center, and the Bolovens Plateau in the south. Movement of the country   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Laos does not seem to be moving anywhere really. It is a small, poor country that lacks in technology, communication, transportation, health care and money. There tourism is very low and people mainly just work and live in little villages. Recently they’ve been having trouble with terroists. There is a drug problem, there our many drug lords selling marijuana and opium. Recently the US has been helping cracking down on drug trade. Summary   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Day to day life in Laos seems pretty simple besides living in poverty. They do not have the technology craze, pressures or high crime rates like many large countries. Lao people our hard workers that work together in small villages to survive. There families our mostly very large. Map Bibliography www.ocf.berkeley.edu/~kongsab/ www.laoconnection.com

Characterisation Essay

Main character: The character that plays the biggest role in the plot of the story. Major character: Characters that play a big role in the story. Minor character: Characters that play a minor role in the story. Round characters: Round characters are like real people. They have complex, multi-dimensional personalities. They are capable of growing and changing. They are often, but not always, major characters. Flat characters: They have one-dimensional personalities. They represent or portray one particular characteristic. They are a type, e.g. the jealous lover, the fool or the grumpy, old man. They are often, but not always, minor characters. Dynamic characters: They change as a result of their experiences. Static characters: They do not learn from their experiences, and, thus, remain unchanged. How does the author convey character? 1. Telling: The narrator tells how the character is, feels, thinks, etc. 2. Showing: The character reveals his or her personality through what the character says and does. 3. Setting: The author might use the setting (time and place) to say something about the character, e.g. about the character’s emotions or feelings. 4. Comparison to other characters: It might be useful to analyse how the character relate to the other characters in the story, e.g. if there are characters that are in opposition to, or different from, the character in question. 5. Appearance: The character’s clothes, looks and general appearance can often tell us something about the character’s personality. Questions to ask when analysing characters: 1. Is the character a main, major or minor character? 2. Is it a round or a flat character? 3. Is it a dynamic or a static character? 4. Does the author reveal the character through showing or telling, or both? 5. What does the way the character speaks reveal about his character? 6. What does his behaviour reveal about his character?  7. Is she similar or different from other characters in the story? How does she relate to the other characters? 8. Has the setting shaped the character’s personality? 9. Does the setting reflect the character’s mood or emotional state?

Description paper plaza de mayor in madrid spain essays

Description paper plaza de mayor in madrid spain essays I was wondering down the narrow maze of cobblestone streets in the beautiful city of Madrid. Every street lined with tall vibrant colored building with architecture that was breath deifying. With no destination in mind I found myself in the most enchanting place in Madrid the Plaza De Mayor. The Plaza looked like it was out of medieval movie where everything was perfect. Everyone had a smile, the weather without a cloud, and the band was incredible. You felt like you were at a medieval ball where all the uncertainties of the world were put on hold. There was the prettiest little girl with a big blue ribbon purposefully tied in here hair, and this petite royal blue dress on, that when her father swung her around in circles her dress seemed to puff out like a parachute. The thing that was most captivating about the two of them was their smiles that stretched from ear to ear and if their smiles did not have limits they seemed they could have gone on forever. People came to the plaza to relax and forget about all the irritation and frustration of life. It was a place to be content and that is why you saw everyone wearing that same spirited and joyful smile that the little girl and her father were wearing on their faces. Spirit and joy made the plaza light up in the most beautiful of colors. The most beautiful colors were painted on the north building of the plaza. A mural painted depicted the emotion and free loving spirits of the plaza. Brilliant colors ranged from a red that resembled blistering hot lava, to a purple which looked to be soft to touch, to a green from the fields of the countryside. More colors overflowed over the backdrop of the mural in a non-intentional pattern, which gave the mural a whimsical feel. The most engaging part of the mural was the unclothed people with animal bodies which gave the viewer a fairytale feeling as if he was in Disneys Fantasia. This allusion of the mural constantly preserved the spir...

Internal Business Processes Perspective Wal

Internal Business Processes Perspective Wal To improve the response time to customer request and speed up times transactions. The company is adapting to internet shopping and has set up a separate subsidiary to handle the internet purchases. This is in addition to the company policy of having more than one register open at a counter so that payments by customers are handled faster.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Internal Business Processes Perspective Wal-Mart specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Reduced transaction time is targeted at increasing the efficiency of the company business operations as indicated in its vision of achieving excellent operational efficiency. The company will rely on the customers’ value for efficient service that will drive them to the Wal-Mart store rather than individual online supply stores. The company has to ensure that its inventory management and shipment of goods purchased online are synced and backed up to provide a robu st system that builds customer’s trust. To this end, the company is includes an order tracking feature and a gift return option ([emailprotected], 2000). To enhance its internal control department to be able to control the company’s growth imperative so that they company suffers less from problem associated with its big size. The company can measure its success in controlling the company growth through an audit on its return on investment. Investments that make business sense and increase Wal-Mart’s overall aim of operational efficiency impact positively on the internal business processes of the company. These investments are impact on the organizational aspect of the business eliminating losses of time or equipment. For example, technological investments leverage on the overall business strategy of being just in time, like the use of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags to track inventory from suppliers to consumers that eliminated any blockages along the supply-chain management system. The placement of RFID tags on inventory also reduces the tendency of employees to steal from the company because the technology improves and speeds up tracking (Malhotra, 2005).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Abolish all excesses, through reduction, recycling and reuse of all supplies that moves into the company’s stores, by 2025. To achieve this objective Wal-Mart intends to reduce the level of packaging within its store supply chain by five per cent by 2013. The company is developing sustainable packaging solutions in conjunction with its suppliers. In addition, the company has implemented a strategy that persuades customers to buy reusable bags for shopping. The objective has targets customer satisfaction in a green conscious environment and aims at increasing the overall efficiency of the companies operation, which reduc es costs in the long term that would otherwise be attributed to waste management. Reusable bags will assist the company to cut its plastic bag excesses by a third by 2013. The company is incorporating various environmental sustainability efforts such as making dog beds out of tattered plastic bottles. The company runs fifteen supply trucks on biofuel out of the grease collected from its chicken roasters. In addition, the company seeks to test four new types of fuel-efficient trucks. Other notable actions include the installation of solar power system on its Mexico store and adoption of a new sustainable design of its stores that incorporate recycled chimneys and use of soya beans instead of plastics to create floors (Environmental Leader, 2009). The objective on reducing waste adds to the financial objective of cutting expenses because it saves on costs on the excess purchases. Recycling also lowers costs for purchase of new material and saves the company of legal requirements on su stainability. Increasing the company’s presence on the internet and making the online shopping system robust builds customer satisfaction and results to word of mouth advertising that is a boon to the profitability of the company as it increases overall purchases.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Internal Business Processes Perspective Wal-Mart specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More References Environmental Leader. (2009, April 20). Wal-Mart Wants to Eliminate All Packaging Waste by 2025. Retrieved from https://www.environmentalleader.com/ [emailprotected] (2000). Walmart.com Round Two: Jeanne Jackson Does Some Remodeling. Retrieved from [emailprotected]: https://knowledge.wharton.upenn.edu/article/walmart-com-round-two-jeanne-jackson-does-some-remodeling/ Malhotra, Y. (2005). Integrating knowledge management technologies in organizational business processes: getting real time enterprises to deliver real business pe rformance. Journal of Knowledge Management, 9(1), 7-28. Objective Measure Target Action To improve the response time to customer request and speed up times transactions. The company will rely on the customers’ value for efficient service that will drive them to the Wal-Mart store rather than individual online supply stores. The company is adapting to internet shopping and has set up a separate subsidiary to handle the internet purchases. This is in addition to the company policy of having more than one register open at a counter so that payments by customers are handled faster. Increasing the efficiency of the company business operations as indicated in its vision of achieving excellent operational efficiency. Â  The company has to ensure that its inventory management and shipment of goods purchased online are synced and backed up to provide a robust system that builds customer’s trust. Inclusion of an order tracking feature and a gift return option. Â  To enh ance its internal control department to be able to control the company’s growth imperative so that they company suffers less from problem associated with its big size. Â  The company can measure its success in controlling the company growth through an audit on its return on investment. Investments that make business sense and increase Wal-Mart’s overall aim of operational efficiency impact positively on the internal business processes of the company. Â  These investments are impact on the organizational aspect of the business eliminating losses of time or equipment. Â  Use of technological investments that leverage on the overall business strategy of being just in time, like the use of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags to track inventory from suppliers to consumers that eliminated any blockages along the supply-chain management system. The placement of RFID tags on inventory also reduces the tendency of employees to steal from the company because the techno logy improves and speeds up tracking. Â  Abolish all excesses, through reduction, recycling and reuse of all supplies that moves into the company’s stores, by 2025. Leader, 2009). Â  To achieve this objective Wal-Mart intends to reduce the level of packaging within its store supply chain by five per cent by 2013. The company is developing sustainable packaging solutions in conjunction with its suppliers. In addition, the company has implemented a strategy that persuades customers to buy reusable bags for shopping. Â  The objective has targets customer satisfaction in a green conscious environment and aims at increasing the overall efficiency of the companies operation, which reduces costs in the long term that would otherwise be attributed to waste management. Â  Reusable bags will assist the company to cut its plastic bag excesses by a third by 2013. The company is incorporating various environmental sustainability efforts such as making dog beds out of tattered plasti c bottles. The company runs fifteen supply trucks on biofuel out of the grease collected from its chicken roasters. In addition, the company seeks to test four new types of fuel-efficient trucks. The installation of solar power system on its Mexico store and adoption of a new sustainable design of its stores that incorporate recycled chimneys and use of soya beans instead of plastics to create floors. Relationships to other objectives The objective on reducing waste adds to the financial objective of cutting expenses because it saves on costs on the excess purchases. Recycling also lowers costs for purchase of new material and saves the company of legal requirements on sustainability. Increasing the company’s presence on the internet and making the online shopping system robust builds customer satisfaction and results to word of mouth advertising that is a boon to the profitability of the company as it increases overall purchases.

CROSS-CULTURAL NEGOTIATION RESEARCH PAPER Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

CROSS-CULTURAL NEGOTIATION - Research Paper Example They intend to discuss a joint venture in which the softwares provided by FEC will be integrated with the hardware of Zhang & Co and will be marketed globally. It should be noted, that I have been hired as a consultant only by Mr. Wang. All the recommendations mentioned in the consulting document are meant for my client only. Mr. Ansel or his team would not have any access to my document. I would like to express my gratitude for your consideration to seek my help in order to devise your negotiation strategy with your French counterpart Mr. Ansel. I have put in a lot of effort to ensure that this consulting document proves to be helpful for you in order to identify the differences and similarities which lie between French and Chinese negotiating styles. After reading the provided comprehensive view of both the cultures, which entails detailed analysis of business culture, communication styles, societal culture and many other important aspects, you would be able to identify and understand the key distinctions and would have a fair idea of Mr. Ansel’s negotiating strategy. After provision of this basic comprehension of differences, I have identified various potential challenges that you might have to face while your negotiating process. The problems have been identified and listed so that you are cautious and pre-notified of potential pitfalls and can respond to them efficiently during actual settings. Lastly, I have listed specific recommendations for you, so that you can build a long-term relationship with Mr. Ansel which would ultimately benefit your joint venture. Tan pan is the Chinese word for negotiation, and is a combination of character meaning â€Å"to judge† and â€Å"to discuss† (Neidel). Most of the Westerners are often advised to speak short sentences, wear conservative suits or to bring their own interpreters to ace negotiations with Chinese counterparts. These advises might prove to be handy to get a

Build your own Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Build your own - Essay Example An Intel Iris Graphic is what I also added to the package. The retina display is truly amazing as it captures every sentimental moment of graphics in which I can enjoy movies and games. I think this Mac Book Pro is a great PC as it has amazing graphics. I wanted a machine that would allow me to have a lot of storage capacity, which made me push for 16GB. The 16GB was perfectly suited for me as I can store pictures, documents, and videos. Traditionally they come in 8 or 4GB. Moreover, a built-in battery that would allow me to charge for 9 hours. I opted for the 15-inch display, which was a better option. The 1TB flash storage came standard and was sufficient for my needs. My flash doesn’t have any moving parts, which makes it super durable and quiet. The storage was perfect for all-around luxury that I wanted. Another great feature I wanted in my machine was the two Thunderbolt 2 ports, two USB 3 ports, and an HDMI port. An HDMI port is a necessary for any Mac user who wants to connect to their television. Without a traditional optical drive, there’s room for ports conveniently located on both sides of the notebook. One of the best features that I wanted was the retina drive because it allowed me to have amazing graphics. I enhanced the MacBook Pro with PCIe-based flash storage. One of the greatest features I like about the Mac is the variety of applications that it offers. The MacBook comes with exotic applications that have many functions to the users. Every MAC comes with apps for creativity that are utilized for productivity. As a matter of fact, I also opted out for Iris Pro Graphics and advanced NVIDIA graphics. The NVIDIA graphics card is an excellent choice for video and photography.   I also opted for a 2880 x 1800 resolution on the 15‑inch MacBook  Pro so I can view movies in HD since I have Netflix. One of the things I always wanted MacBook Pro was Logic Pro X is an advanced music production application. This